Geology 105: History of Life
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Lecture Notes
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Introduction and Overview
Fossils 1
Fossils 2
Geologic Principles
Relative Time
Absolute Time
Diversity of Life
Evolution
Evolution and Diversity
Rates of Evolution
Extinction
Plate Tectonics
Origin of the Earth
Origin of Life
Early Precambrian (Archean) Life
Late Precambrian (Proterozoic) Life
The Cambrian Explosion
Early Paleozoic Life
Late Paleozoic Marine Life
The Invasion of Land 1
The Invasion of Land 2
The Permo-Triassic Extinctions
Mesozoic Marine Life
Mesozoic Terrestrial Life
Cretaceous-Tertiary Extinctions
Cenozoic Life

The Permo-Triassic Extinctions

Lecture 22
4/22/98

Introduction
 Today we examine the largest extinction event in the earth's history.
Key Points
 The Permo-Triassic extinction is focused on the marine biosphere.
 Land plants and animals are less affected by the extinction.
 The causes for the extinction remain unclear.
Permo-Triassic Extinctions
 90-95% of fossil organisms
 selectivity
 focused on marine organisms
 Number of marine families is halved
 trilobites
 blastoids
 crinoids
 brachiopods
 foraminfera
 corals
 land plants
 extinctions focused at species level
 major groups continue
 vertebrates
 not obviously affected
Causes unclear
 Formation of Pangea
 volcanic eruptions
 stratified, anoxic oceans
 sudden increases CO2 levels in shallow waters
 asteroid/comet impact